Washers

Washers provide a smooth bearing surface and are used under the head of a bolt and / or a nut. Flat washers are covered under the ASTM specification F844. These washers are unhardened and intended for general use.

Washers provide a smooth bearing surface and are used under the head of a bolt and / or a nut. The chemical, mechanical, and dimensional requirements for hardened washers are covered under the ASTM specification F436. These washers are through hardened or carburized to add strength, but are physically smaller than a standard flat washer. They are the recommended washer for any fastener other than a low carbon steel bolt.

Square washer designed with a bearing surface that has an oblique angle. Commonly used to provide a parallel bearing surface when fastening bolts through the flanges of I-beams.

Load indicating washers (LIW) are used to develop the correct tension when installing A325 or A490 structural bolts. Standard DTIs and Squirter™ DTIs are made to ASTM F959.

Split lock washers provide greater bolt tensioning for tighter assemblies and provide protection against loosening resulting from vibration. Lock washers can be used with a standard washer to provide uniform bearing surface. These washers are intended for general use.

Hillside washers are used to evenly distribute load in cross bracing applications. Diagonal tie rods or cable assemblies with welded eye bolts are frequently used to support wall columns and steel beams in metal building construction. The outer curved surface allows for a nut be tightened at a variety of angles. This helps to reduce installation time and field adjustments. Turnbuckles and clevises are other components commonly used on steel structures.

Flanged hillside washers are designed to distribute point load into the column web of metal building structures. The flanged hillside washer assembly includes a flange portion and a hillside washer portion. The flange portion has a flat base on one end, an upper surface and a channel passing there through. The hillside washer portion extends from the upper surface of the flange portion and has a smooth upper curved surface, a pair of side walls extending from the smooth upper curved surface to the upper surface of the flange portion, and a channel passing between a first opening in the curved surface to the channel in the flange portion to form a continuous channel through the flanged hillside washer assembly.